Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-06-23 Origin: jf-irrigation.com
Crop Type: Field crops (corn, wheat) require large-area uniform irrigation, while fruit trees/vegetables need targeted local sprinkling.
Topography: Fixed systems suit plain areas; hilly/mountainous terrain requires considering slope impact on water pressure (recommend terraced pipeline layout).
Water Source Conditions: Wells, rivers, or reservoirs must match water pump power (e.g., for well water flow ≤50m³/h, select centrifugal pump + variable frequency control cabinet).
| Type | Characteristics | Applicable Scenarios | Cost Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed | Pipes buried underground, sprinklers fixed | Permanent planting areas (orchards, greenhouses) | High (1,500-3,000 RMB/mu) |
| Semi-fixed | Main pipes fixed, branch pipes movable | Field crops (corn, cotton) | Medium (800-1,500 RMB/mu) |
| Mobile | Entire system transportable (e.g., reel sprinkler) | Temporary planting areas, multi-field rotation | Low (500-1,000 RMB/mu) |
Spray Radius: Choose based on crop height (e.g., 10-15m for wheat fields, 15-20m for fruit trees).
Sprinkling Intensity: ≤5mm/h for sandy loam, ≤10mm/h for clay (avoid waterlogging).
Atomization Degree: Use fine atomization sprinklers (e.g., deflector type) for seedling stage, and rotary sprinklers for mature plants.
Main Pipes: Install along the long side of the field with a slope ≤0.3% (prevent water accumulation), preferably made of PE pipes (anti-aging, pressure-resistant).
Branch Pipes: Perpendicular to main pipes, spacing = 2×sprinkler radius (e.g., 15m radius → 30m spacing).
Control Valves: Set sectional valves every 50-100 meters for zoned irrigation or maintenance.
| Category | Specification | Quantity | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Pump | Flow 60m³/h, head 50m | 1 unit | Provide system pressure |
| Main Pipe | PE pipe, DN63 (Φ63mm) | 300m | Main water transport |
| Branch Pipe | PE pipe, DN32 (Φ32mm) | 500m | Connect sprinklers |
| Sprinklers | Rotary type, 15m radius | 30 units | Uniform water spraying |
| Filter | Centrifugal + screen combo | 1 set | Prevent sand blockage |
| Control Box | Variable frequency + timer controller | 1 unit | Automatic irrigation control |
Step 1: Surveying & Marking
Use GPS to position the main pipe centerline, mark branch pipe positions at 30m intervals (adjust per sprinkler radius), with error ≤50cm.
Step 2: Trench Excavation
Main pipe trench depth ≥80cm (below frost layer), width 30cm; branch pipe trench depth 50cm, slope 1:0.5 (prevent collapse).
Step 3: Pipeline Connection
PE pipes use hot melt connection (temperature 220±10℃, pressure retention for 10 minutes);
Wrap joints with sunproof tape (prevent UV aging).
Step 4: Sprinkler Installation
Insert sprinkler (stands) vertically into branch pipes, height ≥20cm above crop top (avoid leaf obstruction), use sealing rings to prevent leakage.
Water Pressure Test: After system filling, pressurize to 1.5×working pressure (e.g., 0.3MPa normal → 0.45MPa test), hold for 30 minutes; pressure drop ≤0.05MPa is qualified.
Spray Uniformity Debugging
Place 20 measuring cups in the field, run the system for 30 minutes, calculate uniformity coefficient:
Uniformity Coefficient (CU) = 1 - (Average Deviation / Average Value) × 100% Qualified Standard: CU ≥85%
| Problem Phenomenon | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Uneven sprinkler water | Insufficient pipeline pressure | Increase pump power or shorten pipeline distance |
| Frequent filter clogging | High sand content in water | Add sedimentation tank, replace high-precision filter |
| Pipeline leakage | Inadequate hot melt temperature | Re-melt (ensure no impurities at joints) |
| Low irrigation efficiency | Incorrect sprinkler selection | Replace sprinklers per crop water demand (e.g., switch to atomizing sprinklers for vegetables) |
Seasonal Maintenance
Drain pipeline water before winter in northern regions (prevent freezing), disassemble sprinklers for storage;
Check pipeline joint tightness before each spring plowing, clean filters (recommend monthly).
Intelligent Upgrading Suggestion
Install soil moisture sensors + IoT controllers to automatically start/stop the system based on soil humidity (saves ≥30% water).
Cost Control Tips
Adopt a hybrid model of "fixed main pipes + movable branch pipes" to reduce material costs by 20%;
Purchase PE pipes in bulk (≥500m for wholesale price, 15% lower than retail).
Policy Support
Consult the local Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau for the "High-standard Farmland Construction Project," which offers 30%-50% subsidies for sprinkler system installation (requires advance filing).
