Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-10-14 Origin: jf-irrigation.com
In modern agricultural irrigation, urban greening maintenance, and home garden management, sprinkler irrigation systems have become the preferred irrigation method for more and more people due to their advantages of high efficiency, water conservation, and uniform coverage. A complete and efficient sprinkler irrigation system is not composed of a single device, but rather relies on the coordinated operation of multiple sprinkler irrigation system components to achieve the precise delivery and uniform spraying of water resources. Whether you are a professional gardener or an enthusiast looking to build a home sprinkler system on your own, a clear understanding of the classification, functions, and matching logic of sprinkler system parts is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of the system and extending its service life.
Water source connectors: Responsible for connecting the sprinkler irrigation system to the water source interface. Common types include threaded joints and quick-connect joints. It is necessary to select a suitable type based on the specifications of the water source interface (such as pipe diameter and thread model) to ensure a tight connection without water leakage.
Filters: Acting as the "first line of defense" for protecting the system, filters can effectively filter out sediment, impurities, algae, etc., in the water, preventing them from clogging subsequent pipelines and sprinkler heads. For water sources with poor water quality (such as well water or river water), it is recommended to choose mesh filters or disc filters, with a filtration precision of 80-120 meshes being appropriate.
Main pipes: Responsible for transporting water from the water source to various irrigation areas. They usually use materials with large pipe diameters and strong pressure resistance, such as PVC pipes and PE pipes. PVC pipes are cost-effective and have high hardness, making them suitable for underground installation; PE pipes have good flexibility and strong frost resistance, making them suitable for exposed areas or areas with complex terrain.
Branch pipes: Connect the main pipes to the sprinkler heads, with relatively smaller pipe diameters. They need to be reasonably matched according to the flow rate and number of sprinkler heads to avoid insufficient pressure at the end sprinkler heads due to excessively small pipe diameters. The material of branch pipes is similar to that of main pipes. For small-area irrigation in homes, hoses (such as PERT pipes) can also be used for flexible arrangement.
Rotary sprinkler heads: Driven by water flow to rotate the internal gears, realizing fan-shaped or circular spraying. They have a large spraying radius (usually 3-15 meters) and adjustable flow rate, making them suitable for irrigation of large-area farmland and lawns. Some rotary sprinkler heads also have a "Rain Bird-style" water-breaking function, which can convert water streams into fine water mist, reducing the impact on soil and crops.
Fixed sprinkler heads: Have a fixed spraying angle (such as 90°, 180°, 360°) and a small spraying radius (1-5 meters). They have a simple structure and low price, making them suitable for irrigation of small-area gardens, flower beds, or potted plants. Common fixed sprinkler heads include spray sprinkler heads and bubbler sprinkler heads. Bubbler sprinkler heads are suitable for crops sensitive to moisture (such as succulents) to avoid water accumulation on leaves and subsequent rot.
In-ground sprinkler heads: Usually hidden underground, they pop up under water pressure during irrigation and retract automatically after irrigation, without affecting ground activities (such as lawn mowing and pedestrian passage). They are widely used in urban greening and high-end residential communities. The sprinkler parts of in-ground sprinkler heads include pop-up bodies, sealing rings, and filter screens. It is necessary to regularly check whether the sealing rings are aging to avoid water leakage.
Pressure regulators: Installed at the inlet of the main pipe or branch pipe, they can stabilize the incoming water pressure within the optimal range required by the sprinkler heads (usually 1.5-3.0 kg/cm²). They are especially suitable for scenarios where the water source pressure fluctuates greatly (such as a drop in tap water pressure during peak hours).
Controllers: Divided into manual controllers and automatic controllers. Automatic controllers can realize unattended irrigation through preset programs (such as irrigation time, frequency, and duration). Some intelligent controllers also support remote control via mobile phone APP, and can adjust the irrigation plan in real time in combination with soil moisture sensors, truly realizing "on-demand irrigation".
Component labels: Clearly label the names, positions, and connection relationships of each part of the sprinkler system, such as the water source, filter, main pipe, branch pipe, solenoid valve, and sprinkler head, helping users quickly identify the function of each component.
Pipe diameter and specifications: Mark the pipe diameter of each pipeline (such as main pipe DN50, branch pipe DN25), the model of the sprinkler head (such as rotary sprinkler head R-100), and the specifications of the valve (such as 24V solenoid valve), providing accurate basis for procurement and installation.
Water flow direction: Use arrows to mark the flow path of water from the water source to the sprinkler head, avoiding problems such as reverse pipeline connection and incorrect valve connection during installation.
Installation instructions: Briefly mark the installation requirements for key components, such as the filter needing to be installed horizontally, and the sprinkler head spacing needing to match the spraying radius (usually 80%-90% of the spraying radius), to ensure the normal operation of the system after installation.
Filter maintenance: Disassemble and clean the filter screen every month to prevent clogging by impurities, which would lead to a drop in water inlet pressure. If the water quality of the water source is poor, the cleaning cycle can be shortened (such as once every two weeks), and the filter screen should be replaced in a timely manner if it is damaged.
Pipeline and joint inspection: Check the pipelines for cracks and the joints for water leakage every quarter. Especially for underground pipelines, if there is water accumulation on the ground or abnormal plant growth, it may be caused by pipeline damage, and excavation and repair should be carried out in a timely manner. Before the arrival of winter, the water in the pipelines should be drained to avoid freezing and cracking.
Sprinkler head maintenance: Regularly clean the impurities at the water outlet of the sprinkler head to avoid uneven spraying caused by clogging. For rotary sprinkler heads, if rotation jamming occurs, the sprinkler head can be disassembled to clean the internal gears, and a small amount of lubricating oil (such as silicone-based lubricating oil) can be added. Do not use lubricants that are easy to pollute the water source, such as engine oil.
Controller and solenoid valve maintenance: Check whether the program settings of the controller are normal and whether the solenoid valve wiring is loose every month. During the rainy season, waterproof protection for the controller should be done well to prevent short circuits caused by rainwater infiltration.
